Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Dave Maré Author-X-Name-First: Dave Author-X-Name-Last: Maré Author-Email: dave.mare@motu.org.nz Author-Workplace-Name: Motu Economic and Public Policy Research Title: Pay gaps – an $18 billion a year issue Abstract: This note estimates the aggregate size of gender and ethnic pay gaps in New Zealand. The gender pay gap represents $7.6 billion per year, or 5% of wages and salaries. Gender and ethnic pay gaps combined represent $17.6 billion per year, or 11% of wages and salaries. The note also discusses recent research that identifies the contributions of gender and ethnic differences in personal and job characteristics, and points to the important role of within-firm pay gaps. Length: 13 pages Creation-Date: 2022-10 File-URL: https://motu-www.motu.org.nz/wpapers/22_45.pdf Number: 22_45 Classification-JEL: J15, J16, J31, J70 Keywords: Gender pay gap; Ethnic pay gaps Handle: RePEc:mtu:wpaper:22_45